Alexandria, second half of century),
Math, '' .
The solar panel of 364 is employed as an illustration of calculation in either the larger and the lower commentaries on Ptolemy's Handy Tables, the lower comment supplying examples of calculations which correspond to the dates 15 June 360 and 17 November 377. Two Additionally, a record of Roman consuls maintained in 1 record of Theon's variant of this Handy Tables stops using the consuls of the year 372. 3 there's just one ancient biographical note on Theon, which quite short. Theon's daughter, Hypatia, that had been famous in her own right as a mathematician (she's credited, among other matters, using a revision of publication 3 of her dad's comment on the Almagest) and as a Neoplatonic philosopher, has been ripped to pieces by a mob of enthusiast Christians in Alexandria at 415. Because there's absolutely no mention of Theon from the account we have of the occasion, it's very likely that he was dead. Like his daughter, Theon was surely a pagan. Whether he, too, favorite Neoplatonism cannot be determined.
The early Aztec note also informs us that Theon was a part of this"Museum." This was a institution for its aid of innovative learning, based at Alexandria roughly 300 b.c. from Ptolemy I, that had nourished many renowned scholars however by Theon's time had diminished regrettably --if, indeed, it existed (Theon is that the past illustrated member). Whether he had been correlated with the Museum or maybe not, Theon was clearly actively participated in high education. From the preface to his comment on the Almagesthe states he has written the job in the urging of people who attended his lectures on the topic. 5 Truly, all of his extant works will be the results of the"professorial" action, being commentaries on or variations of classics of math and astronomy, meant for the use of pupils. I will take care of the commentaries from the sequence in which Theon composed them, which can be established by inner references from you to another.
This was initially in thirteen novels, corresponding to the amount of novels of this Almagest: however publication 11 is missing, just a fragment of publication 5 survives, and there are most likely lacunae in different publications. The passage in the preface mentioned above indicates that the comment is a redaction of Theon's lectures, and that's the way it reads. Despite Theon's guarantee to improve within previous commentators on the Almagest,"who assert that they'll only omit the obvious things, but actually prove to have researched the hardest,"6 the comment is open to exactly the criticism. It's never critical, just exegetic. To the reader it's all but useless for comprehension Ptolemy; but it's of significance for its occasional information it offers on now-lost abstract and mathematical works, especially Zenodorus' treatise"About Isoperimetric Statistics" in book 1. This passage likely is taken in the earlier commented about the Almagest by Pappus (fl. 320), of that just books 6 and 5 endure. Comparison of both commentaries for publication 6 (the only place where they overlap) reveals that although Theon borrows considerably from Pappus, his job isn't a mere rewriting of his predecessor's but comprises extensive donations of his own.
The latter, issued by Ptolemy later he'd finished the Almagest, were supposed to supply a handy way of calculating the positions of the celestial bodies along with other supernatural phenomena. From the preface to the bigger comment Theon asserts that if he'd predecessors who comment on the Almagest, he's the first to compose a comment about the Handy Tables. . In it Theon describes not just how to use the tables but also the factors for the surgeries and the cornerstone of their tables' structure, and supplies geometrical demonstrations. Thus it often covers exactly the identical ground as the comment about the Almagest. The next, much smaller, comment is addressed, such as the comment about the Almagest, to Epiphanius, presumably a student of Theon's. From the preface Theon describes the bigger comment as"the further concluded (λογικωтє́ρα) introduction to computation together with all the Handy Tables," and clarifies that he's written this new job for most his students in the field who are not able to follow geometrical proofs. 7 The more compact comment, then, only sets out the principles for computation together with the tables, including occasional worked instances but no motives. Theon's remark suggesting the reduced mathematical grade of his pupils is corroborated by that which we should surmise from the essence of his functions generally.
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